The Department of Justice filed an appeal on Saturday with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. It also notified the plaintiffs, led by the National Treasury Employees Union, of its intention to file a motion for an emergency stay directly to the appeals court without first moving in the district court. 

The preliminary injunction was issued on Friday by U.S. District Judge Amy Berman Jackson. It marked a major win for the National Treasury Employees Union and consumer groups that had sued acting CFPB Director Russell Vought in February to halt mass firings and a dismantling of the agency.

The court order maintains the CFPB's continued existence. The order reinstated the bureau's workforce and contracts, preserved its data and required that the agency continue all legally mandated operations.  

On Monday, after a request from Deepak Gupta, who represents the NTEU, Berman Jackson clarified that the district court had not ruled "on any motion to stay [the order] because no such motion was made."

The Justice Department had claimed in its motion Saturday that it had filed a stay five weeks ago in opposition to the preliminary injunction, and alleged that the district court had implicitly denied a motion to stay, which Gupta said the DOJ "never filed."  

Berman Jackson responded immediately by agreeing to an administrative stay at the request of the union, temporarily pausing the legal proceedings while the court considers a request for expedited relief or a more extended stay. If no motion is filed by April 2, the order expires.

Berman Jackson said that until the motion is decided, the CFPB under Vought cannot destroy or remove any data, "shall not terminate any CFPB employee, except for cause related to the specific employee's performance or conduct," and cannot issue any notice ofa reduction-in-force, while also freezing "any and all termination actions regarding CFPB contracts."

The preliminary injunction and order by Berman Jackson was yet another blow to the Trump administration's efforts to dismantle federal agencies and fire employees. The administration faces more than 100 lawsuits over its efforts to cut the federal workforce. 

Jackson wrote in a 112-page memorandum that the union is likely to succeed on the merits of its Administrative Procedure Act claims and that the injunction serves the public interest. The Congress created the CFPB with the passage of the Dodd-Frank Act in 2010.

"There is no act of Congress that empowers the president to shut down the CFPB in his discretion," Berman Jackson wrote in the order released Friday. 

She also specified: "This is precisely the sort of situation preliminary injunctions were designed to address. If the defendants are not enjoined, they will eliminate the agency before the Court has the opportunity to decide whether the law permits them to do it, and as the defendants' own witness warned, the harm will be irreparable."

Berman Jackson held an evidentiary hearing on March 3 and said in her order that a review of the record showed that the CFPB's union was "likely to establish that the defendants stopped all work, and that they took, and plan to take, additional concrete steps to dismantle and shut down the agency entirely, in violation of statutory mandates."

The Justice Department's appeal was filed by Yaakov M. Roth, acting assistant attorney general in the DOJ's civil division; Brad P. Rosenberg, a special counsel; and Liam C. Holland, a DOJ trial attorney.

Gupta, the NTEU lawyer, said the injunction stopped the Trump administration from gutting the CFPB. 

"This victory blocks the unprecedented plan to dismantle the CFPB — an agency that Congress created to protect Americans' financial security," Gupta said in an email. "The ruling upholds the Constitution's separation of powers and preserves the bureau's vital work."

Vought is the Trump administration's director of the Office of Management and Budget, and his role, holding a second job as acting CFPB director, is not permanent. The White House nominated former Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. board member Jonathan McKernan to become the CFPB's permanent director.

The preliminary injunction will remain in effect even after McKernan is expected to be confirmed as the CFPB's permanent director once the Senate votes on his nomination by the end of April.